Identifying fibers involves observing the physical and chemical properties of the fiber for which there are a wide diversity of instruments available. This book provides a comprehensive review of fiber structure, the diversity of instruments available to identify fibers, and applications for a range of industries. The first part examines the main fibers, their structure, and characteristics. It then focuses on methods of fiber identification, ranging from microscopic to DNA analysis. In includes coverage of specific applications, including how textiles are identified in forensic investigations.